Решим каждое уравнение отдельно.
a) $$ b + 5\frac{9}{10} = 7\frac{5}{12} $$
$$ b = 7\frac{5}{12} - 5\frac{9}{10} $$
$$ b = \frac{7 \times 12 + 5}{12} - \frac{5 \times 10 + 9}{10} = \frac{84 + 5}{12} - \frac{50 + 9}{10} = \frac{89}{12} - \frac{59}{10} = \frac{89 \times 5}{12 \times 5} - \frac{59 \times 6}{10 \times 6} = \frac{445}{60} - \frac{354}{60} = \frac{445 - 354}{60} = \frac{91}{60} = 1\frac{31}{60} $$
Ответ: $$ b = 1\frac{31}{60} $$
б) $$ 3,85 \cdot (d - 4,02) = 8,47 $$
$$ d - 4,02 = \frac{8,47}{3,85} $$
$$ d - 4,02 = 2,2 $$
$$ d = 2,2 + 4,02 = 6,22 $$
Ответ: $$ d = 6,22 $$