Решение заданий №2:
1) \(\sqrt{3}\) sinx - cos x = 2
Разделим обе части на 2:
\(\frac{\(\sqrt{3}\)}{2}\) sin x - \(\frac{1}{2}\) cos x = 1
cos(\( \frac{π}{6}\)) sin x - sin(\( \frac{π}{6}\)) cos x = 1
sin(x - \(\frac{π}{6}\)) = 1
x - \(\frac{π}{6}\) = \(\frac{π}{2}\) + 2πn, n ∈ Z
x = \(\frac{2π}{3}\) + 2πn, n ∈ Z
2) 2 cos(\( \frac{x}{2}\)) - 7 sin(\( \frac{x}{2}\)) = \(\frac{\(\sqrt{106}\)}{2}\)
Умножим на 2:
4 cos(\( \frac{x}{2}\)) - 14 sin(\( \frac{x}{2}\)) = \(\sqrt{106}\)
Разделим обе части на \(\sqrt{4² + (-14)²}\) = \(\sqrt{16 + 196}\) = \(\sqrt{212}\) = 2\(\sqrt{53}\):
\(\frac{4}{2\(\sqrt{53}\)}\) cos(\( \frac{x}{2}\)) - \(\frac{14}{2\(\sqrt{53}\)}\) sin(\( \frac{x}{2}\)) = \(\frac{\(\sqrt{106}\)}{2\(\sqrt{53}\)}\)
\(\frac{2}{\(\sqrt{53}\)}\) cos(\( \frac{x}{2}\)) - \(\frac{7}{\(\sqrt{53}\)}\) sin(\( \frac{x}{2}\)) = \(\frac{\(\sqrt{2}\)}{2}\)
Пусть cos φ = \(\frac{2}{\(\sqrt{53}\)}\), sin φ = \(\frac{7}{\(\sqrt{53}\)}\), тогда уравнение примет вид:
cos φ cos(\( \frac{x}{2}\)) - sin φ sin(\( \frac{x}{2}\)) = \(\frac{\(\sqrt{2}\)}{2}\)
cos(\( \frac{x}{2}\) + φ) = \(\frac{\(\sqrt{2}\)}{2}\)
\(\frac{x}{2}\) + φ = ± \(\frac{π}{4}\) + 2πn, n ∈ Z
\(\frac{x}{2}\) = -φ ± \(\frac{π}{4}\) + 2πn, n ∈ Z
x = -2φ ± \(\frac{π}{2}\) + 4πn, n ∈ Z
x = -2 arccos(\( \frac{2}{\(\sqrt{53}\)}\)) ± \(\frac{π}{2}\) + 4πn, n ∈ Z