a) 16 ⋅ 4⁻¹ = 2⁴ ⋅ (2²)⁻¹ = 2⁴ ⋅ 2⁻² = 2^(4-2) = 2² = 4
б) 1/32 ⋅ 4⁻² = 1/2⁵ ⋅ (2²)⁻² = 2⁻⁵ ⋅ 2⁻⁴ = 2^(-5-4) = 2⁻⁹ = 1/512
в) 8⁻² ⋅ 4⁴ = (2³)⁻² ⋅ (2²)⁴ = 2⁻⁶ ⋅ 2⁸ = 2^(-6+8) = 2² = 4
г) (16²)⁻³ = ((2⁴)²)⁻³ = (2⁸)⁻³ = 2^(-24) = 1/16777216
д) (32⁻³)³ = ((2⁵)⁻³)³ = (2⁻¹⁵)³ = 2^(-45)