1. Выполните действие:
a) \(\frac{5}{6} \cdot \frac{7}{9}\) = \(\frac{5 \cdot 7}{6 \cdot 9}\) = \(\frac{35}{54}\)
Ответ: \(\frac{35}{54}\)
в) \(3 \frac{5}{7} \cdot 1 \frac{1}{13}\) = \(\frac{26}{7} \cdot \frac{14}{13}\) = \(\frac{26 \cdot 14}{7 \cdot 13}\) = \(\frac{2 \cdot 2}{1 \cdot 1}\) = 4
Ответ: 4
б) \(\frac{11}{28} \cdot \frac{7}{33}\) = \(\frac{11 \cdot 7}{28 \cdot 33}\) = \(\frac{1 \cdot 1}{4 \cdot 3}\) = \(\frac{1}{12}\)
Ответ: \(\frac{1}{12}\)
г) \(2 \frac{2}{3} \cdot 6\) = \(\frac{8}{3} \cdot 6\) = \(\frac{8 \cdot 6}{3}\) = \(\frac{8 \cdot 2}{1}\) = 16
Ответ: 16
д) \(\frac{3}{8} : \frac{9}{16}\) = \(\frac{3}{8} \cdot \frac{16}{9}\) = \(\frac{3 \cdot 16}{8 \cdot 9}\) = \(\frac{1 \cdot 2}{1 \cdot 3}\) = \(\frac{2}{3}\)
Ответ: \(\frac{2}{3}\)
е) \(\frac{15}{16} : 5\) = \(\frac{15}{16} \cdot \frac{1}{5}\) = \(\frac{15 \cdot 1}{16 \cdot 5}\) = \(\frac{3 \cdot 1}{16 \cdot 1}\) = \(\frac{3}{16}\)
Ответ: \(\frac{3}{16}\)
2. Решите уравнения:
a) \((1-\frac{7}{10}) \cdot x = 2\frac{1}{4}\)
\((\frac{10}{10} - \frac{7}{10}) \cdot x = \frac{9}{4}\)
\(\frac{3}{10} \cdot x = \frac{9}{4}\)
x = \(\frac{9}{4} : \frac{3}{10}\)
x = \(\frac{9}{4} \cdot \frac{10}{3}\)
x = \(\frac{9 \cdot 10}{4 \cdot 3}\)
x = \(\frac{3 \cdot 5}{2 \cdot 1}\)
x = \(\frac{15}{2}\)
x = 7,5
Ответ: 7,5
б) \(\frac{7}{20}x + \frac{1}{5}x = \frac{2}{3} - \frac{5}{12}\)
\(\frac{7}{20}x + \frac{4}{20}x = \frac{8}{12} - \frac{5}{12}\)
\(\frac{11}{20}x = \frac{3}{12}\)
\(\frac{11}{20}x = \frac{1}{4}\)
x = \(\frac{1}{4} : \frac{11}{20}\)
x = \(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{20}{11}\)
x = \(\frac{1 \cdot 20}{4 \cdot 11}\)
x = \(\frac{1 \cdot 5}{1 \cdot 11}\)
x = \(\frac{5}{11}\)
Ответ: \(\frac{5}{11}\)
3. До обеда тракторист вспахал 84 га земли, что составило \(\frac{7}{9}\) дневной нормы. Сколько гектаров земли составляет дневная норма?
Решение:
Пусть x - дневная норма гектаров земли.
Составим уравнение:
\(\frac{7}{9}x = 84\)
x = \(84 : \frac{7}{9}\)
x = \(84 \cdot \frac{9}{7}\)
x = \(\frac{84 \cdot 9}{7}\)
x = \(\frac{12 \cdot 9}{1}\)
x = 108 га
Ответ: 108
4. Упростите и найдите значение выражения \(\frac{3}{7}y - \frac{5}{14} + \frac{5}{28}y\) при y = \(\frac{2}{3}\).
Решение:
\(\frac{3}{7}y - \frac{5}{14} + \frac{5}{28}y\) = \(\frac{12}{28}y + \frac{5}{28}y - \frac{5}{14}\) = \(\frac{17}{28}y - \frac{5}{14}\)
Подставим y = \(\frac{2}{3}\):
\(\frac{17}{28} \cdot \frac{2}{3} - \frac{5}{14}\) = \(\frac{17 \cdot 2}{28 \cdot 3} - \frac{5}{14}\) = \(\frac{17 \cdot 1}{14 \cdot 3} - \frac{5}{14}\) = \(\frac{17}{42} - \frac{15}{42}\) = \(\frac{2}{42}\) = \(\frac{1}{21}\)
Ответ: \(\frac{1}{21}\)
5. Найдите значение выражения: (1\(\frac{11}{24}\) + \(\frac{13}{36}\)) \(\cdot\) 1\(\frac{11}{25}\) - \(\frac{8}{15}\) \(\cdot\) \(\frac{9}{16}\)
(1\(\frac{11}{24}\) + \(\frac{13}{36}\)) = (\(\frac{35}{24}\) + \(\frac{13}{36}\)) = (\(\frac{105}{72}\) + \(\frac{26}{72}\)) = \(\frac{131}{72}\)
1\(\frac{11}{25}\) = \(\frac{36}{25}\)
\(\frac{8}{15}\) \(\cdot\) \(\frac{9}{16}\) = \(\frac{72}{240}\) = \(\frac{3}{10}\)
\(\frac{131}{72}\) \(\cdot\) \(\frac{36}{25}\) = \(\frac{131 \cdot 36}{72 \cdot 25}\) = \(\frac{131}{50}\)
\(\frac{131}{50}\) - \(\frac{3}{10}\) = \(\frac{131}{50}\) - \(\frac{15}{50}\) = \(\frac{116}{50}\) = \(\frac{58}{25}\) = 2 \(\frac{8}{25}\)
Ответ: 2 \(\frac{8}{25}\)