Ответ:

  1. \(2^3\cdot2^4=2^7=128\);
  2. \(3^{13}:3^9=3^4=81\);
  3. \(7^5\cdot7^{12}:7^{14}=7^{5+12-14}=7^3=343\);
  4. \(3^{78}:3^7\cdot3^7=3^{78-7+7}=3^{78}\);
  5. \(\left(-1\frac79\right)^{10}\cdot\left(-1\frac79\right)^{12}:\left(-1\frac79\right)^{20}=\left(-1\frac79\right)^2=\left(-\frac{16}{9}\right)^2=\frac{256}{81}\);
  6. \(\frac{5^{12}\cdot5^4}{5^{13}}=5^{12+4-13}=5^3=125\);
  7. \(\frac{(0.3)^9\cdot(0.3)^{18}}{(0.3)^{23}\cdot(0.3)^4}=(0.3)^{9+18-23-4}=(0.3)^0=1\);
  8. \(2^3\cdot128=2^3\cdot2^7=2^{10}=1024\);
  9. \(81:3^3\cdot3^4=3^4:3^3\cdot3^4=3^{4-3+4}=3^5=243\);
  10. \(\frac{625\cdot5^3}{5^5}=\frac{5^4\cdot5^3}{5^5}=5^{4+3-5}=5^2=25\).

Ответ: 1) \(2^7=128\); 2) \(3^4=81\); 3) \(7^3=343\); 4) \(3^{78}\); 5) \(\frac{256}{81}\); 6) \(5^3=125\); 7) \(1\); 8) \(2^{10}=1024\); 9) \(3^5=243\); 10) \(5^2=25\).