Разложу каждое выражение и сокращу:
a) $$
\frac{5kx}{15ky} = \frac{5}{15} \cdot \frac{k}{k} \cdot \frac{x}{y} = \frac{1}{3} \cdot 1 \cdot \frac{x}{y} = \frac{x}{3y}
$$
б) $$
\frac{-4ax}{6bx^2} = \frac{-4}{6} \cdot \frac{a}{b} \cdot \frac{x}{x^2} = -\frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{a}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{x} = -\frac{2a}{3bx}
$$
в) $$
\frac{36m^2n}{12mn} = \frac{36}{12} \cdot \frac{m^2}{m} \cdot \frac{n}{n} = 3 \cdot m \cdot 1 = 3m
$$
г) $$
\frac{25p^4q}{100p^5q} = \frac{25}{100} \cdot \frac{p^4}{p^5} \cdot \frac{q}{q} = \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{p} \cdot 1 = \frac{1}{4p}
$$
д) $$
\frac{x^2 - 4}{(x-2)^2} = \frac{(x-2)(x+2)}{(x-2)(x-2)} = \frac{x+2}{x-2}
$$
е) $$
\frac{(x-3)^2}{6x-18} = \frac{(x-3)(x-3)}{6(x-3)} = \frac{x-3}{6}
$$
з) $$
\frac{81^{10}}{27^{14}} = \frac{(3^4)^{10}}{(3^3)^{14}} = \frac{3^{40}}{3^{42}} = 3^{40-42} = 3^{-2} = \frac{1}{3^2} = \frac{1}{9}
$$